UK Looks to Germany for Medical Cannabis Policy Lessons

The medical cannabis market in Europe is projected to grow from €1.12 billion in 2025 to approximately €2.9 billion by 2029, as indicated by Prohibition Partners’ upcoming European Cannabis Report. Among the nations leading this expansion, Germany and the UK are expected to remain the two largest medical cannabis markets in Europe. While both countries operate under ‘free market’ conditions with relatively low barriers for businesses, the differences in market size, regulatory frameworks, and patient demographics are notable.

Germany recently implemented significant changes to its medical cannabis regulations, which have dramatically increased patient access and participation. To explore these developments, we consulted Tim Kirby, CEO of the UK-based clinic Releaf, to identify actionable insights the UK might adopt from Germany’s experience.

Regulatory Changes in Germany

In April 2024, Germany’s Cannabis Act (CanG) came into effect, removing cannabis from the narcotics list. This move not only loosened restrictions for prescribers but also signified a broader acceptance of cannabis for medical use. Following this, in October 2024, Germany further revised its prescription processes, allowing around 70% of practicing physicians to prescribe reimbursable medical cannabis without prior approval.

Kirby emphasized the importance of treating medical cannabis as a legitimate healthcare option. He stated, “Germany’s early integration of cannabis into its healthcare system, with accessible treatment options and insurance coverage, has provided patients with reliable, stigma-free choices. The UK should aim for a similar approach.”

Simplifying the Prescription Process

In the UK, barriers remain due to the limited number of medical professionals authorized to prescribe cannabis. The current system leads to delays and denials for many patients. Kirby proposed that the UK government should establish a national prescribing framework supported by training and resources for healthcare providers. This could empower more clinicians to confidently recommend cannabis when appropriate.

“A standardized process for prescribing medical cannabis would alleviate confusion and streamline access for patients who need these treatments,” he noted. “We see daily how patients benefit when the care pathway is clear.”

Investing in Education

Another area where the UK could improve is clinician education regarding medical cannabis. Germany’s early investment in formal training and ongoing support for prescribers contrasts sharply with the current lack of such initiatives in the UK. Kirby asserted, “Without adequate training, even well-meaning prescribers may hesitate to recommend cannabis, which limits patients’ access to potentially life-changing therapies.”

Releaf prioritizes clinical education and professional development, aiming to fill this gap. Kirby explained, “Informed clinicians make better choices for their patients. Addressing the education gap is essential for achieving better health outcomes.”

Building Trust in the Cannabis Industry

Establishing trust in cannabis as a medical treatment remains a challenge, particularly given the stigma surrounding the substance. The industry must work diligently to demonstrate professionalism and safety. Kirby argued that trust is built through consistent, patient-focused care and high clinical standards.

“At Releaf, we prioritize transparency, safety, and collaboration with regulators to maintain public confidence,” he said. “For the sector to gain broader trust, it must emphasize communication and a unified approach focused on patient welfare.”

Releaf aims to set a standard for the UK cannabis industry by showcasing that high-quality, patient-centered care is not merely an aspiration but an achievable reality. As a CQC-regulated provider, Releaf utilizes proprietary HealthTech to ensure continuous supply and quality care.

By adopting elements of Germany’s medical cannabis framework—including regulatory reforms, simplified prescribing processes, enhanced clinician education, and a focus on building trust—the UK could significantly improve patient access and outcomes in medical cannabis treatment. Kirby’s insights provide a roadmap for policymakers aiming to create a more inclusive and effective healthcare system that recognizes cannabis as a valid treatment option.